Novel Inhibitors of Staphyloxanthin Virulence Factor in Comparison with Linezolid and Vancomycin versus Methicillin-Resistant, Linezolid-Resistant, and Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Vivo

J Med Chem. 2017 Oct 12;60(19):8145-8159. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00949. Epub 2017 Sep 21.

Abstract

Our previous work ( Wang et al. J. Med. Chem. 2016 , 59 , 4831 - 4848 ) revealed that effective benzocycloalkane-derived staphyloxanthin inhibitors against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections were accompanied by poor water solubility and high hERG inhibition and dosages (preadministration). In this study, 92 chroman and coumaran derivatives as novel inhibitors have been addressed for overcoming deficiencies above. Derivatives 69 and 105 displayed excellent pigment inhibitory activities and low hERG inhibition, along with improvement of solubility by salt type selection. The broad and significantly potent antibacterial spectra of 69 and 105 were displayed first with normal administration in the livers and hearts in mice against pigmented S. aureus Newman, Mu50 (vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus), and NRS271 (linezolid-resistant S. aureus), compared with linezolid and vancomycin. In summary, both 69 and 105 have the potential to be developed as good antibacterial candidates targeting virulence factors.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemical synthesis*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Antifungal Agents / pharmacology
  • Drug Resistance, Bacterial / drug effects
  • Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels / drug effects
  • Linezolid / pharmacology*
  • Male
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Potassium Channel Blockers / pharmacology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Staphylococcal Infections / drug therapy*
  • Staphylococcal Infections / microbiology
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Vancomycin / pharmacology*
  • Vancomycin Resistance / drug effects
  • Xanthophylls / antagonists & inhibitors*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antifungal Agents
  • Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels
  • Potassium Channel Blockers
  • Xanthophylls
  • Vancomycin
  • staphyloxanthin
  • Linezolid